1. Stator
The stator is the non-moving the fan motor part. Its main function is to generate the magnetic field that drives the rotor to rotate. The stator contains coils of wire, usually made of copper or aluminum. When current passes through these coils, they generate a magnetic field. This magnetic field interacts with the motor's rotor, causing the rotor to start rotating, which in turn drives the fan blades. The design and construction of the stator directly affects the efficiency and performance of the motor. A well-designed stator can maximize the fan's speed and power output, allowing it to operate efficiently under different loads and operating conditions.
The main challenge of the stator is to avoid coil overheating or insulation failure. Overheating of the coil can cause the current flow to be blocked and even cause the motor to fail. Therefore, the stator needs to use high-quality coil materials and have a good heat dissipation design to keep the temperature inside the motor stable. In addition, the protective cover around the stator is also important to prevent dust and moisture from entering the motor and extend the life of the motor.

2. Rotor
The rotor is the rotating part of the motor opposite the stator. When the magnetic field generated by the stator interacts with the rotor, the rotor begins to rotate. This rotational motion directly drives the fan blades and determines the amount of airflow generated by the fan. The design of the rotor is critical, and it must be well balanced to ensure that the motor does not produce excessive vibration or noise when running at high speeds. High-quality rotors are usually made of durable metal materials that can withstand long-term rotation loads.
The bearing part of the rotor must be maintained regularly to ensure that it can rotate smoothly. If the rotor does not run smoothly or the bearing is severely worn, it will cause the motor efficiency to decrease and even damage other parts. Keeping the rotor clean is also necessary, because dust and impurities may cause the gap between the rotor and the stator to be blocked, thereby affecting the rotation efficiency. Therefore, regular cleaning of the rotor and related parts is the key to ensuring the efficient operation of the fan motor.

3. Bearings
The bearing is a vital part of the motor and is responsible for reducing the friction between the rotor and other stationary parts. Its main function is to enable the rotor to rotate freely and reduce the resistance in mechanical movement. The quality of the bearing directly affects the smoothness and life of the fan motor. If the bearing is worn or insufficiently lubricated, friction will increase, which will not only reduce the efficiency of the motor, but may also cause overheating problems, and in severe cases, even cause the motor to fail.
To ensure the long life and efficient operation of the bearings, regular lubrication is necessary, especially when the fan is in continuous use. Different types of bearings have different maintenance requirements, and ball bearings and plain bearings perform differently under different loads. Therefore, choosing the right type of bearing and performing regular maintenance can effectively extend the life of the fan motor and reduce repair costs.

4. Windings
The coils are key components inside the fan motor. They are usually thin wires made of copper or aluminum, which are wound around the stator in a specific way. When current passes through the coils, the motor generates a magnetic field, which interacts with the rotor to cause it to rotate. The main function of the coil is to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. The efficiency of this process depends on the design of the coil, the material, and the amount of current. High-quality copper coils can effectively improve the efficiency of the motor while reducing energy loss.
The insulation of the coil is crucial. If the insulation layer is damaged, a short circuit inside the motor may cause serious damage or even cause a fire. Therefore, it is crucial to ensure that the insulation layer of the coil is intact and avoid overheating of the coil. Regular inspection of the coils, especially after long-term high-load operation, can promptly detect and repair possible problems and prevent motor failure.

5. Capacitor
In many fan motors, especially single-phase motors, capacitors are key components for starting and running. The function of the capacitor is to provide the initial current surge for the motor to start, helping the rotor to overcome the inertia of the stationary state and start to rotate. The capacitor also maintains a stable current supply during the operation of the motor to ensure the smooth operation of the motor. If the capacitor fails, the motor may not start, or it may become unstable during operation, such as speed fluctuations or increased noise.
Capacitors play a very important role in the motor. In order to ensure that the motor starts properly and runs smoothly, it is necessary to check the condition of the capacitor regularly. Damage to the capacitor is usually manifested as a decrease in capacitance or leakage, which can be solved by replacing the capacitor with a new one to avoid abnormal operation of the motor.